Signal.



c. 0. HARRINGTON.

SIGNAL. v APPLICATION, FILED OCT. 6, I913.

Patented Dec. 5, 1916.

2 SHEETS-SHEET I.

INVEN'ILOR WITNESSES c. 0. HARRINGTON.

.SIGNAL,

APPLICATION FILED OCT. 6. I913. 1,207,291. v I Patented Dec. 5,1916.

2 $HEETSSHEE1 2 I FIG.3

- NEssE STATES PATENT-curios.

CLINTON o nummerro'n', or "snerwoon-Bonouen, :e-EnnsYLvAmA, sssroiwo u 'ro 'rnn'umon swrrorr & srsnsn coMrsnY, or swrssvnnu, PENNSYLVANIA, A con- PORATION orrunnsrnvsnm.

srensn Specification of Letters Yatent. i-atented Dec. 5, 1916.

' Assa sea flctob'er c, 1913. Serial m, "293,511.

To all whom it may concern:

- Be it known that I, CLINTON O. HARRING- TON, a. citizen of the United States, residing at Edgewood Borough, in the county -.of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Signals, of which the following is a s ecification. y invention relates to'signals. Signals embodym though their use isnot limited to this particular adaptation.

I will describe one formnf signal embodying my. invention, and will then point out the novel features thereof in claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figurel is a diagrammatic view showing in longitudinal crossrsection one form of signal emticular form of reflector. The reflector 2 is. separated from the shell 1- by rings 3 and of felt or similar material to prevent injury 40 bodying my invention. Fig. 2 is 'a sectional view on the line 'O-A ofqFigl'l, parts of the signal being broken away. Fig. 3'is a die grammatic View showing portion of a. railway having applied thereto the signal shown in Figs. 1 and 2. 4

' Similar reference characters refer'to similar arts in each of the several views.

Referring first toFigsl and 2,'the reference. character 1 designates a shell, preferably of a metal such as brass, which supports and protects-a reflector 2.; This reflector, as here shown, is formed of' glass, the outside surface of which is coated with silver 2 as usual. in the construction ofmlrrors. 'The redoctor as here shown is paraboloidal in form, but I do not wish 'to be limited to this parto the reflector due to shocks.

The principal focus of reflector 2 is cated at the point designated by 5. Located also at or adjacent this point-is a sourceof light which, .as here shown, is the concentrated filament l of an electric incandescent lamp 4: which is mounted in a suitable m-an-.

- nor (not shown) with relation to the reflec tor. As is well understood, with the 'appa ratus thus far described a beam of light will be projected from the filament l) by the re doctor, and the rays of this beam will be substantially parallel to theiaxis OA ofthe reflect/on Itis desirable, however, for a rea- 7 son which will hereinafter appear, that there Should be a. slight spread-"to the beam p my invention are especially adapted or use in railway signaling, al-

jected by the reflector; this spread will ordiing the lamp 4 so that the filament 4 is a short distance behind (to the left of, as yiewed in Fig. 1) the focus 5.

Located within the reflector 2 is a lens 6 for projectinganother beam of ii ht from the filament 4. This lens is a justably mounted with relation to the reflector 2 so that the angle between the axes of the beams narily be secured without special rovisions projected by. the two may be varied. As here shown, the lens is carried by a bracket which comprises a ring 7 in which the lens is fitted and to which are fixed two arms 8 and 8", each of which is provided with a slot 10. In-

tegral with the shell 1 are vtwo ears or lugs 9 and 9 located diametrically opposite each other and each provided with a hole 12,- 12,

through which pass screws 11 and ll respectively. These screws also pass through the slots 10 in arms 8 and 8" and. thus serve as trunnions for the bracket which carries the lens (3'. The trunnion screws 11 and 11 are located diametrically opposite each other and the line through their centers passes substantially. through the filament 4:". The lens 6 is "so mounted in its bracket that its optical axis passes substantially through the filament at. It will be seen therefore that with the. mounting as thus far dedescribed, the lens 6 may be swung around the filament 4: as a center, and may also be moyed longitudinally toward and away from this oi'ut within the limits" imposed b'ythe lengt'i of the slots 10. The length of arms 8 and S is preferably such that. when thc lens-is located as far from the filament. 4; as

the slots '10 will permit, the principal focus of-the lens substantially coincideswith the filiin'icn't- 4*}. Thenvobviously as the lens is The movements of the lens with res set to the filament are preferably so, contro led that -when theoptical axi, of the lens coincides-iuiththe a'xis O'A' of the reflector,

the lens is located as far from the filament 4: as. theslotsl ltljwill permit (so that; the

J principal focus .ofthe lens then coincides with the :focus 5)., andth'at. as the LIQIISJSH moved toward the filament l, the principal focusof the lens moves back of the filament.

. Sand 8 respectively. The apex of each slot 13, 13 is located in the plane defined by the axis OA of the reflectotand the axis of the trunnion screws 11, 11, and the studs 14 and li 'iire solocated thatwhen the-optical axis of 'the lens. (5 coincides with the axis O-A of the reflector, the trunnion screws 11,11 are at the left hand ends of slots ,(as viewed in Figs. 1 and 2), so

that'the. rinc'ipe-l focus (of the lens-thensnbstantia ly CGIDCidBS with the filament 4 and the-beem projected by the lens is then composed offrays' of light all of which are substantially parallel sm the axis O-A.

Then as the'lens, is swung away from this posit on it. is drawn a proportionatedistance toward the filament 4; by the slots 13,13

land studs 14, let, so'that the spread of the portionatl'y increased. The parts: of the beam of light projected by the lens is pro signal in preferably so designed and pro portioned rlhat as the lejns is swung awny from its middle posit1on (the position in so.

which its optical Lexis coincides. with the axis O'Alof thelrefiectpr 2) the. increasing :sprea'd oftheliealn pro ected by the lens is such that this beam always overlaps the signal is elongated'inthe plane defined by the'a-x1s()."-A:'rnd alme pass ng through O-A and pe'r aendiculante th e LX1 S of tron;

-esnltant'honm is," of coarse, proportional to. the angle between theaxis 0 A and the optical. a'xisof the lens'li which is drilled and tapped to receive the threaded end of the adjacent trunnion screw ax e prevented from turning with relation .\.sc1'1hed only one iorm .ois gnel ein odyln I i l from igi2'toavo d comphcating'tho view.

to the arms 8 and 8 by means of ribs 16 and 516' on thglilocks which-slidoiin matching slot's'in the inside faces of the arms as shown in' F1 1. These rihsand slots are omitted Signelsomhodying my in e W- eiolly adopted for use in railway signaling;

when it'is desired to use lights for g1ying indicationsboth at night-end in daylight.

that it can e seenby drivers of cars or;

. giving indications on a. curve, the lens 6 sswung so that-its optical flKlS met an;

cal,-. the beam of. light projected by the 'sig' a 2 curve, 15Q0 fet, iii-length. Located at one end of lLlHSCllItV 8. is'n signal S- which.

suspendeddirectly mjcr the track rails. The

.lens is'I".

. 2, this beam halving-as liereshown' a 'spre'a' of (3?, which spread may-be produced; a beam projected by the reflector, (so-that the es'ultant beam of "light. projected Lby' the are tlie. liniits oflthehe'am' projected by. th

spread of 10! Tl other by '1, nion screws 11, 119. The elongationiofthis n e sts snsls b niaydm mas-tended;

These-blocks also serie to. hold claims, witho'i what I claim is:

it fixed yefieetor io Eunice of light; n

is employed to give indications along a straight track, the lens 6 is so located that its optical axis is coincident with the axis ()-A of the reflector? The axes of the two beams of light projected by the reflector and the lens are then coincident, and the signal should be; so located thst this combined beam isiroj ected along the trackway 1 trains. When the signal is to be used for.

angle to the axisiof the" reflector as shown. in solid lines in Fig: figiand itbeing under?" stood that the signal is so mounted that the; axisqof the trunnion sc 'ewsll, 11, is vertinal is then elongnted so that it is visibl from any point on-the 'enrve. This will bei rendily-understom'l by reference to Fig,;;3; in which B dcsignat'es ithe track rails of 1 a railway, the portion of'traok shown being may be the same asthe signal shown in" Figs; 1 and.2,. and whieh as here shown is lens in signal S has been swung .so that the; angle between the axes. of the reflector and I e The hneS'-R,' 1:; are the lnnitso the beain-of-light piio cted by the reflect'o hereinhofm'eexplained; r; The lines -LIJ" lens (l, this .he am'; ni as here, show eams overlap e: 'softli fthe total liorizontali spread of the resnltanti bee-1n projectedangle between: the" xesg'of the reflector an lens may "Elli? It will be seentwin of; such IlU'Itlb'er-Inat 1) empl yee for gin indications eithera o {stretch oi str'ai tradk onnlongnc A'lthongh; I, h t'i e er ein and? :ny invention, .itjs. understood that ye'rio changes and 'm'odifi'e'a bns may-be :ni therein within th v j'of thenppende see h ng f m: e t and'scope of In vention;

Having "thns desctfibd my inventi al sonrce 1. A signal: coininis'i a reflector for projecting a beam of light from said. source, a lens for projecting an;

, other beam of light from said source, and means for pivoting said lens on an axis passfrom said coincident position.

- light.

ing substantially through said source of 3. A signal comprising a murce of light, a reflector for reg-acting a, beam from said source, a, lens or poojecting another beam.

from said source, and means for mounting said lens to swing relatively to the reflector, the axis of the lens being coincident with the axis of the reflector when the lens occupies one position in its path, said means com rising a ,fpin and slot trunnion and gui es for drawing the lens closer: to the source of light as the lens is swung away '4. A signal comprising a source oi light, a reflector for rejecting a beam. from said source, a lens or projecting mother heam.

from said source, means for mounting said lens to swing in acurvcd path around the said source of light, said means also pen mitting the lens to move longitudinally with respect to the said source, and guides for constraining the lens to more in said longitudinalpath when it is swung in the curved path, the said longitudinal movement being such that when the optical axis of the lens coincides with the axis of the reflector the toast 3 ing a reflector, a source oflight, and a lens, of means for pivoting said lens about an axis passing substantially through said source of light, and means for varying the distance between said source and said lens when said lens is swung about said axis.

6. In combination, a signal comprising a reflector, a source of light, a lens, and means for pivoting said lens about an axis passing substantially through said source of light, said means comprising a pin and slot train nion and guides forvarylng the distance be tween said lens and. said source of light when said lens is swung in one direction or the other about said axis.

*5. in signal comprising a, reflector, a

source of light, a. lens, a bracket for pivoting said lens about an axis which passes substanmeans for pivoting said second optical (ls-.

vice about an axis which passes tallest-an tially through said source of light, and means for varying the spread or the beam of light from said second device when said second optical device is swung about said axis.

in testimony whereof I afilx my signature in presence of two witnesses.

CLINTON 0. HARRINGTON.

Witnesses: j

A. HERMAN Wnonnn, R. L. Krs'rnnn. 

